When upon water, it effortlessly floats,
Adorned with rings, through cosmos it gloats
Which planet is it?
Saturn is surrounded by bright rings made mainly up of fragments of ice and rocks of various sizes. They are clearly visible from Earth because of the high reflectivity of its ice and dust. Saturn has such a low density that if you put it in a large pool it will float. Saturn appears yellowish, tending to light brown, and the rings appear grey. It has no bands but has numerous vortices caused by surface winds. Saturn, like Jupiter, also has a small rocky core.
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A great bridge of stars is what you need,
To touch its icy skin with speed
What is it about?
Pluto was considered the ninth planet in the solar system, but in 2006 the International Astronomical Union decided to classify it as a dwarf planet because it did not meet all the criteria required to be classified as a planet. It has a very varied surface, with plains covered by nitrogen ice, deep crevasses and mountains of water ice reaching heights of several kilometres. Seen by terrestrial telescopes, Pluto is a small dot in the sky, but the New Horizon spacecraft has shown the planet in colours ranging from brown to grey, with white areas given by water ice, methane and nitrogen. It is by far the coldest planet in the solar system, with an average temperature of -230° Celsius.
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Sometimes it’s sliced, like a banana’s flair,
Other times it’s full, gliding over the sea with air.
Who is it about?
The moon is our closest natural satellite and the fifth biggest satellite in the solar system. It orbits the Earth and is our constant companion in the night sky. The moon’s spots are clearly visible to the naked eye and are called ‘seas’, but despite this there is no water present. Galileo thought there was water and called them seas.
Due to a phenomenon known as synchronous rotation, the moon always shows the same face to the earth, which means that when observing from the earth we only see one side.
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Plants and birds, animals and kids in glee,
Behold the master of every morning spree!
Who is it about?
The sun is a medium-sized star and is the main source of energy for all life on earth. The solar cycle lasts about 11 years and refers to changes in solar activity: during peak activity, the sun’s surface has many sunspots and activities such as eruptions. The sun is a very pale yellow, almost white. Our atmosphere makes it more yellow because it absorbs much of the blue radiation. There are various filters that can be applied to solar telescopes that make radiation visible to our eyes (generally invisible to us) and make the sun various colours: red, blue, green.
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Abundant light, hot air fills the space,
Yet no sea, no people in this place.
Which planet is it?
Uranus is the only planet in the solar system with a horizontal tilt of the rotation axis. It appears as a blue-green planet: the sunlight that reaches Uranus is reflected by the methane clouds in its atmosphere, giving the planet its characteristic color tone. Uranus has a system of rings surrounding the planet, although they are much less visible than those of Saturn. It is one of the coldest planets in the solar system with a temperature of around -200° C.
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His face is red but he doesn’t know anger.
It is a great desert where sand blows.
Who is it about?
Mars is the most earth-like planet in the solar system. It is called the red planet because observed with the naked eye in the sky it has a reddish glow given by its main surface composition of iron oxide, our rust. Mars once had large oceans, but due to the planet’s small mass, solar radiation evaporated the main hydrogen part of the water, causing the heavier oxygen to be deposited on the ground, which on contact with the surface caused the rusty dust that covers it. Today Mars is compared to a large desert.
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It’s the system’s grandest sphere,
Seems stuffed with cream layers, clear.
Which planet is it?
Jupiter is the biggest planet in the solar system, with a diameter about 11 times that of the earth.
The planet’s atmosphere hosts hundreds of vortices and is divided into belts. Due to very strong winds, different belts composed of ammonia clouds are created: the white parts are richer in clouds and the darker ones are thinner.
The Great Red Spot is a gigantic storm that has been occurring for about 500 years and its surface is so large that it can contain three times the Earth.
Jupiter is composed of gas, but has a rocky central core about the size of the Earth.
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Nearest to the sun light,
Many craters, yet no flowerbeds in sight.
What is it about?
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and is smaller than the Moon. Its surface is covered by impact craters similar to those found on the Moon, suggesting that the planet has been subject to numerous asteroid and comet impacts throughout its history. Having no atmosphere, due to its size, its temperature varies from over 400°C in the daytime to over -100°C at night, as heat is immediately dissipated into space. Its surface is greyish with hundreds of thousands of craters of various sizes, from over 100 km to a few centimetres. The International Union of Astronomy often chooses to associate the names of craters with particular categories: in the case of Mercury’s craters, they are associated with famous musicians and artists.
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He bears the name of the sea’s great lord,
Yet only the winds make him fiercely roar.
What is it about?
Neptune’s atmosphere is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium with traces of methane that give its characteristic blue colour. Storms on Neptune are very common and one of the most famous is the Great Dark Spot. Neptune emits more heat than it receives from the Sun: the source of this internal heat remains a subject of study. Being very similar in formation, composition and position, Uranus and Neptune still have many unanswered questions about why they have different shades of blue.
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All methane clouds, it’s chilling through,
So cold there, sun’s distant view.
Who is it about?
Uranus is the only planet in the solar system with a horizontal tilt of the rotation axis. It appears as a blue-green planet: the sunlight that reaches Uranus is reflected by the methane clouds in its atmosphere, giving the planet its characteristic color tone. Uranus has a system of rings surrounding the planet, although they are much less visible than those of Saturn. It is one of the coldest planets in the solar system with a temperature of around -200° C.
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It possesses seas, rivers, lakes, and peaks so high,
With homes, huts, and fields under the sky.
Who is it about?
About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water and oceans account for 97% of it.
Of this amount, liquid water is essential for life as we know it, and its presence has allowed many life forms and different habitats to develop and evolve on Earth. Earth is often considered to be a blue planet: the blue colour of the oceans is given by the absorption of the sun’s radiation (red, yellow and orange parts of light) and makes the water masses various shades of blue, darker depending on depth. From space, the blue of the oceans, the greenish brown of the continents, but also the white of clouds on the surface are mainly visible.
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